Improvement in telegrafh-apfarattjs



C. DUR-ANT.

TPLPGRAPH APPARATUS.

190.99999. Patented 009.26, 1869.

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cited States 13min debite,

Letters Patent No. 96,090, dated October 26, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN TELEGRAPH-APPARATUQS.

The Schedule referred to'in these Letters Patent: and making part of the same.

To all lwhom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, (iHARLEs DUnAx'r, of vJersey ,City-3 Hudson county, Xcw Jersey, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Telegraph-Apparatus and I do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specitication.

,In practical telegmphing, owing to resistanceaml escape, there is sometimes a very wide difference in the attractive power developed in the main-line relaymagnet, so as-to cause a corresponding violent recoil of the armature, or even to fail to operate it altogethcr.

The object of my invention is to modify the attractive power of the relay-magnet, to such a degree, and in such a manner as ,shall sulice to prevent, within certain limits, the violent recoil ofthe armature, and, also, by the same means, to better adaptthe relay.-

machine to the perception of distant or weak signals.

1t is not, however, proposed by my invention to equalize o1- to render the attactive power at several relays the same under any circumstances, it beingdesigu'ed and applicable to local use alone.

The invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the various parts, as will be hereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings, which form a part of this specification- Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improvements, in part sectional, showing the main-line circuit open, and theextra circuit through the relay-machine closed.

Figure 2 is a similar elevation, showing the mainline circuit closed, and the extra circuit open.

Figure 3 is a plan View ot' my improvements.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

.A is the main battery; B, the relay-machine; and

B', the armature, all of the usual or any known construction.

C, the main-line battery ground-wire.

C', wire from the battery, communicating with the relay-machine. l

C", wire from relay-machine to screw C", of the telegraph-instrument or key 1)'.

The screw C is insulated by vthe rubber block D, from the telegraph-instrument.

E, conducting-spring, communicating with the screw c, insulating-pin, in thelercr I), by'which pin the spring E is insulated from the lever l).

l1", platina point upon spring E, which point, when the main circuit closes, is brought in contact with the platina G, upon the comiucting-scrcw l. which lat-ter 1s insulated from the base of the instrument D by means of a rubber block,

H, the main-line wire, attached to screw G'.

I, spring, for throwing up the key-lever 1).

-J, an adjusting-screw, set in the key-lever l), and passing through an opening in the spring E, for regnlating the throw of Lhe'front end of thc key-lever, its rear en d being regulated by the adj listing-screw J.

The usual linger-buttonis shown at J l 'lhe operation ofthe instrument is substantially t. same as all analogous telegraph-keys.

When the key D is in the position shown in tig. 2, the main-line circuit is closed, and the electric current passes from the battery A, through the relay-machba- B, thence, through wire U and spring E, to the main lille H. When the key-lever is in the position shown in tig. 1, the points l1" G are sepa-rated, and the mainline circuit is broken.

I will now.,proceed to describe thc means which l employ to regulate the attractive power developed in the magnet ofthe relay-machine:

1 provide a small iiulcpcndcnt or extra battery, 1\', one pole of which communicates, by wire L, joined to wire C', with the relay-machine, and thence by wire C" with the telegraph instrument l) 1)'. tery-polc comii'iunicates, through wire M and screw 1N', wit-h the telegraph instrumental) 1)'. At the 'front end ofthe lever-key 1) is an adj ustin g-scrcw, (Y, by which the contact of the key with thc platina. 'l,npon the extremity of the spring E, is regulated.

1t will thus be seen that; when the. lever 1) stands in the position shown in lie. l, the circuit is open, in resp'ect to the main-line wire, and no signals will pass on the wire H; but in respect to the relay-machine B, the circuit is closed, and a weak current from the independent battery K passes through the relay-machine, causing its magnet to attract the armature, thus reducing the force of its rccoil.

Then the key occupies the position shown in iig. 2,- the platinas F G of themain-line circuit are brought into Contact, and the platinas() l are carried out of Contact; consequently, the circuit between the independent battery K and the relay-machine. is opened. while the main-line circuit is closed.

By means of myimprovement, the recoil of the rclay-armature, which begins at the instant the main circuit opens, is, at thc same instant, modified by the closing of the circuit between the extra battery' and the relay-machine.

From the foregoing, it will be evident tha-t the cffect of the extra battery is not only to modify the action of the armature, relative to the relay-magnet, during the time` when the main-line circuit is closed, but also to change its relative position to said'magnet when the circuit is broken, inasmuch as the armature The other bati will be attracted toward the magnet, against the tension of its spring, in proportion to thc number of cups employed to form the extra battery. The armature thus. becomes operatively susceptible to the inuence of a weaker attractive power4 than it would be in its usual and more inclined position away from the magne't. IVhen thus adjusted, a very weak signal will be almost certainly perceptible.

It will be observed that the lines connecting this extra battery to the magnet, being protected from exposure tothe various influences, accidents, 86e., to which the main line is necessarily and constantly exposed, a comparatively equable action of the same is thereby secured. t. l

'Ihe extra circuit used and operating the relay-machine, is intended to be generally weaker than the main-line circuit. v

For convenience in using the telegraph-instrument, I provide a lever-button, Q, pivoted to the base D', `at It, and arranged above the spring I. NVhen this button is open, as shown in black, fig. 3, the spring I acts to throw up the key-lever I), and break the circuit; but when lthe button is closed, as shown in red, the spring I is depressed by the button, and the spring cannot act upon the key, which falls and closes the main-line circuit, and so remains until lifted'by the hand of the operator, or until the button Q is thrown open.

When .thus closed, the operator adjusts the armature, in the usual manner, to the reception of distant weak signals.

Upon the base D', I arrange an insulated adjustingscrew, S, for the adjustment ofthe spring E.

I do not limit orcontine myself to the particular armngernent of mechanical parts hereinsbown, nor to l any special arrangement thereof', as these may be varied in many ways, Without departing from my invention.

One modification of my improvement would be to dispense with the independent battery, and its polewire L, and in lieu thereof, to take a currentl from the main battery, by connecting the wire M with the main battery, at T, for example, the wire M, when thus connected, being indicated by the combined blue and red lines, fig. 1.

In such case, when the main telegraph-circuit is closed a current derived from the ina-in battery will then pass through the relay-machine, and control the armature, in the manner heretofore described.

\Vl1eu the extra battery is stronger than necessary, I reduce it, either by throwing ont some of the battery-cups, or by introducing one or more resistancecols, or other suitable resisting-device into the extra circuit.

Having thus described my invention,

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. So combining a relay-machine, and one or more batteries, or other electrical supply with a telegraphinstrument, that when, by the'operation of the instrument, the lnain telegraph-circuit is opened and closed, another circuit, communicating with the same relaymachine, will be correspondently closed and opened, and the attractive power developed in the relay-magnet will be thereby modified, substantially as described.

2. rlhe conducting-spring E, or vits equivalent, in combination with a telegraph-instrument, for the purpose described.

3. The lever-button Q, operating as described.

4. The combination of the screw J with the leverkey' I) and spring I, substantiaily as described.'

5. The employment of the insulated adj usting-screw S', in combination with the spring E, substantially described.

. CHARLES DURANT. Witnesses:

FRANK BLOCKLEY, ALEX. F. ROBERTS 

